The basic classification of wire

　　Wire refers to hot-rolled round steel with a diameter of 5-22mm or special-shaped steel equivalent to this section. It is generally made of ordinary carbon steel and high-quality carbon steel. The perimeter of the wire section is very small, and the common product specification diameter is 5-13mm. According to different rolling mills, it can be divided into high-speed wire (high wire) and ordinary wire (normal wire). Because it is delivered in the form of wire rod, it is also commonly called wire rod.

　　 wire specification table

　　Wire specifications related parameters: 1. Rated temperature: 80°C; 2. Rated voltage: 300V; 3. Standards: UL758, UL1581 and CSA C22, 2 No. 210.2; 4. Conductor use 32-16AWG single or stranded bare Copper or tinned copper wire; 5. Pass UL VW-1 and CSA Ft1 vertical flame resistance test; 6. Lead-free polyvinyl chloride edge; 7. The edge thickness is uniform, which is convenient for peeling and cutting.

　　The material of the wire

　　The wire can be classified into: electronic wire, power cord, data transmission line, telephone line, optical fiber, high-power power supply according to its performance.

　　The material of the electronic wire: 1. Conductor: mainly bare copper (copper), and some wires use tinned copper; 2. Insulation: mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

　　The material of the power cord: 1. Use bare copper for the conductor; 2. Use PVC for insulation and sheath.

　　The material of the data transmission line: 1. The conductor uses bare copper, tin-plated copper, silver-plated copper, etc.; 2. The insulation is mostly PE, and the sheath is mostly PVC.

　　The material of the coaxial cable: 1. The insulation of the coaxial cable generally uses foamed PE (FM-PE); 2. The sheath uses PVC; 3. The conductor uses bare copper or tinned copper.

　　The material of the telephone line: 1. The insulation of the telephone line is generally PE; 2. The sheath is made of PVC; 3. The conductor is made of bare copper or tinned copper.

　　The material of the optical fiber: 1. The main body of the fiber core is silica with a very small amount of other materials inside; 2. The cladding is generally made of pure silica, and there is also a very small amount of boron trioxide or fluorine; the outside is also coated Kind of paint, silicon copper or acrylate can be used; 3. PVC, PP, etc. are used for the sheath.

　　 wire production process

　　The wire is generally produced by high-speed wire. The billet is heated to above 1100 degrees Celsius by a walking heating furnace; the heated billet is discharged from the furnace and subjected to high-pressure water descaling; it is rolled in the roughing mill, which is a hot tandem rolling unit; the rolled pieces after the rough rolling are cooled by water The section is cooled to control its internal metallographic structure; after leaving the water-cooled section, it enters the intermediate rolling mill and the finishing mill for further rolling; the finished rolled piece is spit out by the laying machine to form a coil; the coil-shaped wire is air-cooled In the section, it cools and advances; at the end of the air-cooling section, the wire is wound into a reel by the collector; the wire after the reel is sent to the strapping machine to be bundled; and then enters the finished product warehouse.

　　 Wire classification and use

　　 Wire rods are generally made of ordinary carbon steel and high-quality carbon steel. According to different steel distribution catalogues and uses, wire rods include ordinary low-carbon steel hot-rolled round wire rod, high-quality carbon steel wire rod, carbon welding rod wire rod, quenched and tempered threaded wire rod, wire rod for wire rope, and wire rod for piano wire And stainless steel wire rod and so on.

Ordinary low-carbon steel hot-rolled round wire rod (GB701-65), ordinary low-carbon steel hot-rolled round wire rod is rolled from low-carbon ordinary carbon structural steel or carbon structural steel with lower yield point. It is a wire rod variety The wire rod with the largest amount and most widely used is also called flexible wire.

　　 Main application: Ordinary wire is mainly used for reinforcement of building reinforced concrete structure, and it can also be cold drawn into steel wire for bundling.

Ordinary low carbon steel non-twisted controlled cooling and hot-rolled wire rod (ZBH4403-88), non-twisted controlled cooling, hot-rolled wire rod is made of non-twisted high-speed wire rod rolling mill and then adopts controlled cooling. The material is the same as that of ordinary wire, but Non-torsion controlled cold and hot-rolled wire rod has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and higher mechanical properties.

　　 Main application: The dimensional accuracy of non-torsion controlled cooling and hot-rolled wire rods is divided into three levels: A, B, and C. A, B, C grade precision is suitable for wire drawing, construction, packaging and welding rod, etc. B, C grade precision is suitable for processing into bolts, screws and nuts.

　　 High-quality carbon steel wire rod (GB4354-84), high-quality carbon steel wire rod is rolled with high-quality carbon structural steel. It is one of the most widely used varieties of wire rods.

Main application: High-quality carbon steel wire rod is mainly used for processing and manufacturing carbon spring steel wire, oil-quenched and tempered carbon spring steel wire, prestressed steel wire, high-strength high-quality carbon structural steel wire, galvanized steel wire, galvanized stranded wire rope, etc. .

High-quality carbon steel non-twisting controlled cooling and hot-rolled wire rod (ZBH44002-88), high-quality carbon steel non-twisting controlled cooling, hot-rolled wire rod is rolled by a non-twisting high-speed wire rod mill, and controlled cooling treatment is adopted after rolling . Compared with high-quality carbon steel wire rod, it has high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality and higher mechanical properties.

　　 Main application: The main application is the same as that of high-quality carbon steel wire rod. Commonly used in the manufacture of carbon spring steel wire, oil-quenched and tempered carbon spring steel wire, prestressed steel wire, high-quality carbon structural steel wire, galvanized steel wire, etc.

　　 Wire rod for rope wire (YB349-64), wire rod for rope wire is one of high quality carbon structural steel hot-rolled round wire rod.

　　 Main application: Wire rod for rope-making steel wire can be made of high-quality carbon structural steel of steel grade 35, 40, 45, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85. The chemical composition meets the requirements of GB699 (Technical Conditions for High-quality Carbon Structural Steel).

Non-twisting controlled cold and hot-rolled wire rods for rope-making steel wires (ZBH44004-88), non-twisting controlled-cooling hot-rolled coils for rope-making steel wires and high-quality carbon structural steel, rolled on a non-twisted wire rod rolling mill, after rolling Controlled cooling and made. The wire rod rolled in this way has high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality and superior mechanical properties.

　　 Main application: Mainly used for drawing rope wire and steel strand wire.

　　 Carbon welding rod steel wire rod (GB3429-82), carbon welding rod steel wire rod is made of low-carbon high-quality carbon structural steel by hot rolling.

　　 Main use: Mainly used to manufacture manual arc welding cores.

Carbon welding rod steel non-twisting controlled cooling and hot-rolled wire rod (ZBH44005-88), carbon welding rod steel non-twisting controlled cooling, hot-rolled wire rod is rolled on a closed-twisted wire rod rolling mill, and controlled cooling after rolling become. With high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and superior performance, it is a high-quality welding rod steel wire rod.

　　 Main application: Mainly used for the manufacture of hot-rolled carbon steel round wire rods with a coated electrode steel core.

　　 Alloy structural steel hot-rolled wire rod (GB3077-82), alloy structural steel hot-rolled wire rod is made of alloy structural steel. Alloy structural steel has 26 steel groups and 78 steel grades. Each manufacturer selects various grades for production according to the demander's requirements and different uses.

　　 Main application: Alloy structure hot-rolled wire rod is mainly used for drawing steel wire, metal products and structural parts.

　　Carbon tool steel hot-rolled wire rod (GB1298-86), carbon tool steel is rolled from high-quality or high-quality high-carbon steel. The processing performance and wear resistance are good, and the price is cheap.

　　 Main use: Mainly used for drawing steel ratio and manufacturing tools.

　　 Alloy tool steel hot-rolled wire rod (GB1299-77)

　　 Alloy tool steel is a steel made by adding alloying elements such as chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, silicon, manganese, nickel and cobalt to the matrix of carbon tool steel. Compared with carbon tool steel. It has the characteristics of good hardenability, low heat treatment cracking tendency, high wear resistance and heat resistance. Alloy tool steel hot-rolled wire rod is rolled from 5 steel groups and 33 steel grades of alloy tool steel. They are produced by Dalian Steel Plant, Benxi Steel Plant and Shaanxi Steel Plant.

　　 Main purpose: suitable for the production of measuring tools, cutting tools, cold and hot work molds, impact-resistant tools, etc.

　　 Spring steel hot rolled wire rod (GB1222-84)

　　Spring steel is a steel grade used to make springs or other elastic elements. Springs and elastic elements mainly use their elastic degeneration to absorb and store energy, so as to achieve the purpose of easing vibrations, impacts or enabling the parts to complete certain actions. Because it works under shock, vibration or long-term uniform periodic alternating stress conditions, spring steel is required to have high yield strength, especially a high yield strength ratio (ratio of yield strength to tensile strength) and elasticity High fatigue strength, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Spring steel should also have good surface quality.

　　 There are 17 grades of spring steel in two categories: carbon spring steel and alloy spring steel.

　　 Main application: Spring steel hot-rolled wire rod is mainly used to produce coil springs for various purposes.

　　 Ball bearing steel hot-rolled wire rod (YB9-68), which is abbreviated as bearing steel, is a steel grade used to manufacture ferrules (sleeves) and rolling elements (balls) of various rolling bearings. Due to the particularity of its use, bearing steel is required to have high and uniform hardness and wear resistance, high elasticity and fatigue strength. Sufficient toughness and hardenability, while having a certain corrosion resistance in the atmosphere or lubricants. Some special-purpose rolling bearings also require high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, non-magnetic, ultra-low temperature, high precision, long life and other properties. Therefore, the selection of bearing steel and steel quality requirements are stricter than those of general steel.

　　 Bearing steel usually refers to high-carbon chromium steel, in addition to carburizing bearing steel, high-carbon chromium stainless bearing steel. There are 5 steel grades generally used for rolling ball bearing steel hot-rolled wire rods.

　　 Main application: Ball bearing steel hot-rolled wire rod is mainly used to manufacture the steel ball (steel ball) of the bearing.

　　 stainless steel wire rod (GB4356-84), stainless steel wire rod is hot-rolled from a variety of grades of stainless steel with different structures.

　　 Main application: Stainless steel wire rod is mainly used to make stainless steel wire, stainless spring steel wire, stainless steel upsetting steel wire and stainless steel wire rope steel wire. According to the main applications in the industry, stainless steel wire rods are also divided into stainless steel and stainless acid-resistant steel wire rods.

　　 Stainless steel wire rod for welding (GB4241-84). The chemical composition of stainless steel wire rod for welding is different from general stainless steel wire rod. In order to ensure its excellent welding performance and improve the quality of the weld, the salient characteristics of the composition of the stainless steel wire rod for welding are low carbon content, low phosphorus, sulfur and other toxic impurities, and high nickel and chromium content.

　　 Main application: Mainly used to manufacture electric welding rod steel core and welding wire.